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2021-2022 Winona Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]
Course Descriptions
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Accounting |
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AC222 Accounting Concepts 3 credit(s)
This course provides an introduction to accounting with an emphasis on the interpretation and use of accounting information for effective business decision-making. The course employs an “information user/managerial approach” rather than an “information preparer approach.” Students are introduced to the accounting system, financial statement analysis, and quantitative managerial accounting techniques. Prerequisite: mathematics competency.
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AC223 Financial Accounting Principles 3 credit(s)
This course is a study of analyzing and recording business transactions and preparing financial statements for proprietorships and partnerships. Topics include the accounting cycle and detailed examinations of balance sheet and income statement accounts. Prerequisite: AC222 .
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AC296/297 Special Topics in Accounting 1-3 credit(s)
The topics for these courses will vary according to the needs and interests of students. Course offerings will address accounting-related topics and be introductory in nature.
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AC320 Federal Tax 3 credit(s)
Recommended for all business majors, this course considers income tax concepts and income tax law as it applies to individuals. Prerequisites: AC222 and M145 or M148 /M149 or M151 .
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AC321 Intermediate Accounting I 3 credit(s)
A comprehensive study of selected financial accounting topics, the course considers financial statements, short-term receivables and payables, inventories, plant assets, intangible assets, depreciation, current liabilities, contingencies and long-term liabilities. Similarities and differences between U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and international financial reporting standards are considered throughout the course. Prerequisites: AC223 and M145 or M148 /M149 or M151 .
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AC322 Intermediate Accounting II 3 credit(s)
A continuation of AC321 , this course involves a study of financial accounting in the areas of stockholders’ equity, revenue recognition, taxes, pensions, leases, statement of cash flows, financial statement analysis and full disclosure. Prerequisite: AC321 .
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AC324 Cost Accounting 3 credit(s)
The systems of cost accounting are studied as they apply to both manufacturing and service organizations. Topics include job order and process cost systems, budgeting, and other selected accounting topics which are used in management decision-making. Prerequisites: AC222 and M145 or M148 /M149 or M151 .
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AC325 Accounting Information Systems 3 credit(s)
Systems consist of methods and procedures established by management for accomplishing and documenting business tasks. This course covers the systems created and monitored by management in order to provide reasonable assurance that company operations are effective and efficient, financial reporting methods are reliable, and the company is complying with laws and regulations pertaining to it. Prerequisite: AC321 .
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AC426 Auditing 3 credit(s)
This course is designed to provide the student with a basic understanding of audit theory and practice. Emphasis is placed on applying audit theories and procedures in the examination of an organization’s financial statements by a certified public accountant. Prerequisites: AC322 and AC325 .
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AC427 Governmental and Not-For-Profit Accounting 3 credit(s)
The course covers accounting and financial reporting issues of governmental agencies at the local and state levels, federal government agencies, and the federal government as a whole. Non-governmental, not-for-profit organizations which must demonstrate accountability for financial and operational performance to providers of their resources are also examined. Prerequisite: AC321 .
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AC428 Advanced Accounting 3 credit(s)
The course includes a study of business combinations, a survey of international accounting, and partnership accounting. Prerequisite: AC322 .
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AC460-469 Special Topics in Accounting 1–3 credit(s)
The topics for these courses vary according to the needs and interests of accounting majors. Topics may include corporate taxation, accounting theory, computer applications, and forensic accounting.
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AC496/497 Internship: Accounting 1–17 credit(s)
This internship experience challenges students to utilize their in-class learning in the area of accounting within the workplace. Student learning is focused on application of concepts, tools, and techniques used by accountants while working on employer-directed work assignments and projects. Internship placements must be approved by the department chair.
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Anthropology |
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AN300 Introduction to Anthropology 3 credit(s)
A general introduction to the study of human culture. Topics: anthropology as an academic discipline, nature of human language, human culture, history of anthropological thought, and human social organizations. (Offered every spring semester).
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Art and Design |
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AR101 Art Appreciation 3 credit(s)
Art Appreciation is intended for non-majors who want a better understanding of the role of visual art in our culture. A combination of lectures, slides, films and discussion are used to enable students to appreciate works of art. Topics include a study of the elements of art and the principles of design, two-dimensional and three-dimensional media, and an overview of the history of western art.
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AR103 2D Foundations 3 credit(s)
2D Foundations is a study of the principles and elements of two-dimensional design. It is also an introduction to drawing, color theory, and painting for the professional. The course is conducted in a studio-lecture format.
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AR104 3D Foundations 3 credit(s)
3D Foundations focuses on design theory based on three dimensional space, plus time and motion studies. Carving, woodworking, and basic mixed media are introduced.
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AR122 Drawing I 3 credit(s)
Drawing I requires no art background. Studio assignments include a variety of subject matter, media and techniques with emphasis on visual perception and awareness.
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AR165 Art, History and Theology in the Italian Renaissance: A Travel Course 4 credit(s)
This course is designed to provide students with the opportunity to study Italian art history, political history, and theology, which were at the center of Italian Renaissance culture, and to reflect on the importance of these ideas in shaping modern thought. The course is designed to help students to develop their critical thinking, writing and oral communication skills, and creative perspectives to enable them to get the most out of their international experience. Travel and study in Rome, Florence, and Vicchio will be the focus of this course. Offered periodically. There are no prerequisites for this course. This is a summer travel course meant for high school/SMUMN partnership. Additional course fee required.
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AR201 Digital Skills Seminar 3 credit(s)
Students will continue to explore design principles, and composition using the visual elements within the digital realms of Adobe Illustrator, InDesign, Premiere, and Photoshop. Students will work toward developing a competent level of skill in these programs.
Another course component will have students begin to explore meaning and personal voice in art and design, researching artists and their concepts and how artists and designers convey meaning through visual language. To learn to properly document and archive art and design work. Exploring how artists and designers add meaning to their work and beginning to develop personal voice in art/design. Prerequisites: AR103 and/or AR104
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AR203 Graphic Design I 3 credit(s)
Graphic Design I offers an introductory study of the principles, tools, and techniques of design for publishing and advertising. It includes a study of typography, designer’s and printer’s vocabulary, and the aesthetics of graphic design. This course is taught using the most widely used professional software applications in publishing, web, layout, prototyping, and printing. Prerequisite: AR103 .
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AR211 Ceramics I 3 credit(s)
Ceramics I is an introductory course that combines instruction in hand building and the potter’s wheel. The emphasis is placed on methods of construction, surface decoration, glazing, and firing techniques.
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AR222 Drawing II 3 credit(s)
Drawing II builds on the skills learned in AR122 Drawing I with an emphasis on developing personal mark making. A variety of media are used – pencil, charcoal, conté, ink, pastels, etc. Prerequisite: AR122 .
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AR260 Intro to Italian Art and Culture 3 credit(s)
This elective course is designed to provide an opportunity for students to study Italian art history, architecture, religion, culture, and civilization and to incorporate some of these ideas about art, politics, and religion that have been important in the shaping of the modern world. This course helps students develop critical thinking skills and creative perspectives from an international experience. Travel and study in Rome, Florence, Venice, and the surrounding Veneto region of northern Italy are the focus of this course. Offered periodically Prerequisite: consent of instructor and Study Abroad Office approval.
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AR288 Web Design I 3 credit(s)
Web Design I is a course covering a range of web and interactive technologies in both technical and design areas. Students earn HTML, CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), analytics, Adobe Dreamweaver and UX/UI tools. Web and image manipulation in Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Illustrator are also covered, as well as user interface theory and usability. Students learn how to create image galleries, design, and organize information for ease of navigation, and learn what makes a website into an effective communication or marketing tool. Prerequisites: AR103 and AR203 .
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AR304 Typography 3 credit(s)
Typography is a study of the design and intelligent use and layout of the characters of our alphabet. The course covers the design principles governing the organization of type for readability and legibility. Students acquire this knowledge by completing a series of typographic projects using the computer applications Adobe Illustrator and Adobe InDesign. Prerequisite: AR203 .
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AR315 Graphic Design II 3 credit(s)
Graphic Design II provides more defined and specific graphic design problems. Emphasis is placed on working with computer applications, branding, packaging design, and the creation of a personal portfolio. Prerequisite: AR203 .
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AR322 Drawing III 3 credit(s)
This course is a requirement for the art studio major. It involves advanced problems in drawing emphasizing conceptual development, the human figure, and further exploration of media. Prerequisite: AR222 .
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AR326 Illustration 3 credit(s)
Illustration explores the communication of ideas through practical problems encountered in advertising, posters, books, packaging, and digital media. Prerequisites: AR203 and AR222 .
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AR331 Painting I 3 credit(s)
Painting I is an introduction to the techniques of painting using acrylic. Prerequisite: AR122 and AR222 .
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AR341 Printmaking I 3 credit(s)
Printmaking explores a variety of graphic media such as lithography, woodcuts, linoleum cuts, calligraphy, silkscreen, and intaglio. Prerequisite: AR122 .
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AR350 Photo Processes 3 credit(s)
Photo Processes explores the use of traditional film as well as digital cameras and the images that are produced by each process. Students will develop light sensitive film in a darkroom setting, create negatives and prints from them. Students also utilize digital cameras, studio and flash based lighting, and industry standard software and image editing and manipulation techniques. The relationship between traditional and digital photography is examined with emphasis on understanding each media’s strengths and weaknesses. The use and function of the camera is stressed with emphasis on a personal style and photographic aesthetics. Prerequisite: AR203 .
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AR351 Sculpture I 3 credit(s)
Sculpture is a study of materials and techniques of advanced three-dimensional design using wood, metal, and mixed media. Students also work with CAD software to create designs and conceptual models on the department’s 3D printer. Prerequisite: AR104 .
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AR360 Art History 3 credit(s)
Art History surveys the history of world art from prehistoric times through contemporary art. This course equips students with an overview of the major stylistic periods , developments, cultures, and artists from around the world, while exploring how visual art relates culturally and philosophically to the societies within which it arises. Students should acquire the basic vocabulary of art philosophy, style, and method, and the ability to carry out basic art historical research.
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AR370 Philosophy of Art 3 credit(s)
This is an interdisciplinary course which explores the relationship between philosophy of art or aesthetics and the developments in art history. The course involves a study of traditional and contemporary philosophical theories of art, an examination of selected figures and movements in art history, and an analysis of the vital interrelationship between the two disciplines of philosophy and art. Also offered as PH370 .
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AR380-389 Special Topics in Art 1–4 credit(s)
Designed to permit instruction in specialized fields of art, explore new topics and utilize the expertise of the faculty and other resource persons.
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AR391 Ceramics II 3 credit(s)
Ceramics II covers advanced ceramic techniques including slip casting and mold making, kiln firing techniques, clay and glaze formulation and testing, and advanced hand building and wheel throwing techniques. Prerequisite: AR 211
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AR410 Web Design II 3 credit(s)
Web Design II is an advanced course focusing on responsive and mobile design, as well as continued development of HTML, CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), JavaScript, jQuery, HTML forms, and software skills. Students learn a range of tools including CSS column based responsive design, responsive frameworks, CMS systems, and SEO (Search Engine Optimization). Several websites will be created by students during the course using different techniques with a focus on UI design and effective integration of multiple technologies. Prerequisites: AR103 , AR203 and AR288 .
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AR412 Digital Printing Processes 3 credit(s)
Digital Printing Processes is an advanced course in which state of the art computer software is integrated with the fundamentals of publishing. Preparing computer files for printing as well as digital platforms. Prerequisite: AR 203 and AR 315
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AR432 Painting II 3 credit(s)
Painting II involves advanced problems in acrylic, oil, or other contemporary media. Prerequisite: AR331 .
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AR442 Printmaking II 3 credit(s)
Printmaking II covers advanced problems in printmaking media including Book Arts and Letterpress printing. Prerequisite: AR341 .
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AR450 Arts Administration: Theory and Practice 3 credit(s)
This course is designed to introduce students to the field of arts administration as it applies to the performing arts, visual arts, and arts services organizations. Arts explored include management models, marketing, development, finances and facilities management and planning. Students apply knowledge in these areas to an arts organization which they create in class. The course culminates with the students presenting their projects in executive session. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
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AR451 Advanced Studio 2–3 credit(s)
In consultation with their advisor, art studio majors select an area for advanced study. They need to have completed two previous semesters in their chosen area; e.g., drawing, painting or printmaking.
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AR452 Motion Design 3 credit(s)
This course utilizes sound, time, and motion for creation of a visual expression relating to the field of graphic design. Students will explore current modes of moving image creation such as stop motion animation and kinetic typography for film. Students will work in studio on projects exploring technologies in current practice (digital video and computer generated motion graphics). Students will also learn the history of moving graphics in advertising, entertainment, and other cultural forms. Prerequisites: AR203 , AR315 , AR350 .
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AR460 Senior Seminar 3 credit(s)
This seminar is writing intensive and focuses on professional practices, ethics, and contemporary trends in the arts. The seminar also involves the production of independent works in the art major’s primary area of concentration. The hanging of a graduation exhibit in the senior year is required of all art majors within the studio art track, and a presentation (poster session, field project, or comparable exhibit) for students within the graphic design track.
A seminar is, by definition, a select group of students associated for special study under the guidance of a professor. While I will lecture from time to time in order to give you important information on various aspects of the artist in society, the focus of the course will be on dialogue. Their will be many opportunities, from small group discussions to brief reports to the final project, for you to enter into the dialogue. This course will cover topics such as current art trends, professional ethics, developing an artist’s statement, exhibition techniques and opportunities, etc. The class will make several field trips to regional galleries and museums, and you will be responsible for participating in these field experiences. Prerequisite: Senior status
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AR475-480 Special Topics in Art 1-4 credit(s)
Designed to permit instruction in specialized fields of art, explore new topics and utilize the expertise of the faculty and other resource persons.
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AR496/497 Art Internship 1–17 credit(s)
An off-campus internship may be arranged for qualified students with graphic design studios, independent artists, or publishing or printing companies.
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Biology |
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B100 Introduction to Watershed Ecology and Management 3 credit(s)
This course is an investigation of urban and rural watershed ecology issues through a problem-based experience using STEM tools. The focus is on what minority urban students need to excel in science using inquiry-based exercises to provide the landscape context for urban vs. rural differences in watershed ecology. Collaboration between university professors of science and education, urban high
school teachers, and undergraduate science and education majors is an integral part of this course, which features extensive field explorations, data collection, and analysis and synthesis. It culminates in a poster presentation of an individually-designed water ecology research project. Offered only as a Countdown to College course.
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B105 Environmental Biology 3 credit(s)
The human position in the biological world and responsibility for living in reasonable harmony with the environs is the focus of this course. Beginning with an overview of major ecological principles governing all ecosystems, consideration is then given to such problems as population expansion, natural resources, pollution, conservation and environmental health. The class meets for two lecture sessions and one two-hour laboratory investigation or field trip each week. Typically offered fall and spring semesters. This course is for non-biology majors. Must be concurrently enrolled in B221 Biology Field Experience unless lab requirement for Integrated General Education Program has previously been fulfilled.
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B109 Exploring Environmental and Human Health 4 cr. credit(s)
This course serves as an anchor for the First Year Experience by welcoming you into the Saint Mary’s University community and providing an opportunity for the development of academic skills in the area/discipline of biology, with an emphasis on how human health is intricately linked with environmental health. Inquiry into the connections between environmental and human health, with attention paid to how academic disciplines and sociocultural issues outside other biological sciences (e.g. politics, history) also influence environmental and human health, will allow you to develop the academic habits and ways of thinking to take you forward into any Interdisciplinary Minor of your choice. This course incorporates the common themes of Place, Purpose, and Well-Being because environmental and human health are influenced by place, researching solutions to these issues provides a sense of purpose, and our environmental and personal health influences our well being.
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B110 Botany and Zoology I 3 credit(s)
This introductory course serves both majors and non-majors. Course topics include the process of evolution and ecology; biological molecules and basic chemistry; cell structure, cellular respiration and photosynthesis; the mechanisms of chromosome replication, transcription and translation; and Mendelian genetics. Three fifty minute or two seventy-five minute lecture/discussion periods are held weekly. Concurrent registration in B111 is required.
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B111 Botany and Zoology I Laboratory 1 credit(s)
These laboratory studies complement the concepts presented in B110. Investigations include the scientific method and techniques; population growth; plant communities and invasive species; ecosystems and habitat quality; cell biology; osmosis; enzyme kinetics; photosynthesis; DNA electrophoresis and Mendelian genetics. The lab meets for one three-hour session each week. Concurrent registration in B110 is required
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B120 Botany and Zoology II 3 credit(s)
This introductory course serves both majors and non-majors. Course topics include the process of evolution; surveys of microbial, plant and animal life; plant anatomy and physiology; comparative animal anatomy and systems physiology. Three fifty minute or two seventy five minute lecture/discussion periods are held weekly. Concurrent registration in B121 is required.
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B121 Botany and Zoology II Laboratory 1 credit(s)
These laboratory studies complement the concepts presented in B120. Investigations include the scientific method and techniques; phylogenetic surveys of bacteria, Protista and fungi, the plant and animal kingdoms; and animal body systems physiology. The lab meets for one three-hour session each week. Concurrent registration in B120 is required.
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B150 Biological Connections 3 credit(s)
Connections between living organisms and their internal and external environments are a foundational concept in biology. This is a general biology course that explores introductory concepts in biology, with an emphasis on biological connections. Biological interactions can occur at small and large scales, including interactions among molecules in the body, the interactions among individuals within a species, ecosystem-level interactions, and many others. This course explores topics in cell biology, inheritance and reproduction, evolution and ecology, biological diversity, and body systems. An emphasis will be placed on the relevance of these topics to our everyday lives, making connections between the discipline of biology and our human societies. Offered fall and spring semesters. Must enroll or have completed B221 Biology Field Experience or B223 Biology Laboratory Experience unless requirement for Integraged General Education Program has previously been fulfilled.
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B200 Human Biology 2 credit(s)
This course is designed for the student with little science in their backgrounds. Basic human biological principles are investigated with emphasis on nutrition, cancer, immunity, reproduction and heredity. Special consideration is given to current advances in medicine and associated bio-social issues. Two lectures are held each week.
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B201 Human Biology Laboratory 1 credit(s)
These laboratory sessions are designed to reinforce concepts presented in B200 . Emphasis is given to study on the digestive, immune, excretory, circulatory, and reproductive systems. The lab meets two hours once a week. Concurrent registration in B200 is required.
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B210 Introduction to Mammalogy with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
The goal of this course is to introduce students to the ecology and classification of mammals. Students will be presented with information on the evolutionary history and special adaptations of mammals within the context of their ecological roles as individuals or populations in a biological community. This course also examines contemporary conservation issues related to mammals. The laboratory component of the course will allow students to practice some the techniques used by mammalogists with particular emphasis on field techniques. The development of scientific literacy skills will be heavily emphasized. This course is open to science and non-science majors. Two one-hour class meetings and one two-hour lab each week.
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B212 General Biology I: Cellular and Molecular Biology 3 credit(s)
This is a general biology course that mainly covers concepts relating to the cell. This includes cell structure and function, cellular metabolism, mechanisms of cell replication, and cellular protein expression. This is required for a biology, biochemistry, allied health, or environmental biology major. Offered fall and spring semesters. Must enroll in or have completed B223 Biology Laboratory Experience .
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B214 General Biology II: Form and Function of Animals and Plants 3 credit(s)
This is a general biology course that covers introductory concepts mostly in plant and animal anatomy and physiology. An emphasis will be placed on the impact of these topics in our everyday lives. This course is required for a biology, biochemistry, allied health, or environmental biology major. Offered fall and spring semesters. Must enroll in or have completed B223 Biology Laboratory Experience .
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B216 General Biology III: Ecology, Evolution and Biological Diversity 3 credit(s)
This course provides an introduction to the topics of ecology, evolution, and natural selection and to the major groups of eukaryotic organisms, including protistans, fungi, plants, and animals. For each group, emphasis is placed on distinguishing features, evolutionary trends, ecological roles, and interactions with humans. This course is required for a biology, biochemistry, allied health, or environmental biology major. Offered both spring and fall semesters. Must enroll or have completed in B221 Biology Field Experience .
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B221 Biology Field Experience 1 credit(s)
This is a general biology laboratory course that is an inquiry-based field experience. Students will use scientific process to solve problems. This may include generating hypotheses, designing meaningful experiments, controlling variables, gathering relevant data, interpreting results, and drawing conclusions. This is required for a biology, allied health, or environmental biology major and will satisfy the general education requirement for a science with a lab when taken concurrently with the biology course. Offered both fall and spring semesters. Concurrent registration in B216 (Biology major) or an Integrated General Education Program biology course (B105 , B150 , B300 , B320 ).
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B223 Biology Laboratory Experience 1 credit(s)
This is a general biology laboratory course that is an inquiry-based laboratory experience. Students will use scientific process to solve problems. This may include generating hypotheses, designing meaningful experiments, controlling variables, gathering relevant data, interpreting results, and drawing conclusions. This is required for a biology, biochemistry, allied health, or environmental biology major and will satisfy the general education requirement for a science with a lab when taken concurrently with the biology course. Offered both fall and spring semesters. Concurrent registration in B212 or B214 (Biology major) or an Integrated General Education Program biology course (B150 , B200 , B300 , B350 ).
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B300 Current Scientific Issues 3 credit(s)
This course addresses current scientific issues of interest to the general public, ranging from modern medical advances to those affecting the environment. Stress is placed not only on the concepts involved, but also on the social, ethical, political, and economic aspects of these issues. The course is intended for non-science majors. Offered spring semester. Must enroll in or have completed B221 Biology Field Experience or B223 Biology Laboratory Experience unless lab requirement for Integrated General Education Program has previously been fulfilled.
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B301 Ecology with Laboratory 4 credit(s)
A study of the theoretical and practical ecological concepts pertaining to species, populations, communities and ecosystems; stress is placed on the concepts of energy flow, nutrient cycles, limiting factors, population dynamics and succession. Laboratories include both theoretical and practical applications of concepts as well as some plant and animal identifications. Three class meetings and one three-hour laboratory/field trip each week. Offered fall semester. Prerequisites: B216 & B221 .
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B305 Human Anatomy with Laboratory 4 credit(s)
This course explores the design and structure of the human body. Lectures present cellular and histological features of the body systems. Laboratory dissections explore gross anatomic features and the three dimensional relationships of structures particularly relevant to the health sciences. Body structures forming superficial features, those visualized by diagnostic imaging techniques and those relevant to kinesiology are empathized. The class meets for two lectures sessions and two two-hour labs weekly. Offered fall semester. Prerequisites: B212 and B216 and B223 .
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B306 Medical Terminology 2 credit(s)
This course is an organ systems approach to learning and understanding medical terms. A word building programmed learning format is utilized to understand Latin and Greek root words from which our English medical words originate. Common medical abbreviations and case studies are also incorporated into the course. The class meets for two discussion periods weekly. Offered fall and spring semesters.
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B310 Genetics with Laboratory 4 credit(s)
The principles underlying hereditary variation in living organisms are the focus of this course. These topics are centered about the transmission of hereditary traits, cytogenetics, basic gene concepts, introductory molecular biology, population genetics, and the genetic basis of evolution. Three class meetings and one three-hour laboratory period each week with several laboratory periods replaced with a one-hour lecture/discussion. Offered spring semester. Prerequisites: B212 and B223 .
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B311 Cell Biology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
This course is a study of the cell at the ultrastructural, biochemical, and physiological levels. Special consideration is given to respiration, photosynthesis, secretion, cytoskeleton, cell cycle, cell growth, movement, membranes, and other organelles. Two lectures and one three-hour lab weekly with two laboratory periods replaced with a one-hour lecture/discussion. Offered fall semester. Prerequisites: B212 and B223 and C321 (C321 may be concurrent).
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B313 Physiology with Laboratory 4 credit(s)
This course explores the functions of the body systems of humans. The interrelationships of organ systems processes to maintain homeostasis are emphasized. Laboratory sessions provide experiences with procedures and instrumentation to gather data that highlight the function of the body systems. Course topics are particularly relevant to the health sciences. The class meets for three lectures and one three-hour lab weekly. Offered spring semester. Prerequisites: B212 and B214 and B223 and C131 /C133 and C142 /C144 (may be concurrent)
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B315 GIS Theory and Applications with Laboratory 2 credit(s)
The first half of this course introduces the basic concepts necessary to an understanding of geographic information systems (GIS) including their purpose, hardware, software, data bases, and applications. Special attention is paid to the concept of map projections, coordinate systems and geo-referencing data. The second half introduces and spurs the development of core competencies with the desktop GIA Arcview. Students learn how to conduct queries, undertake simple and complex spatial analyses and develop presentations, incorporating views, charts, and images, among others. Two lecture/mini-laboratory periods per week. Offered spring semesters odd years.
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B318 Evolution and Population Genetics 3 credit(s)
Evolution is a fundamental and unifying theory of biology that works on the population level. This course explores fundamental concepts in evolutionary biology, with emphasis placed on how biologists study the patterns and processes. Additionally, the integration of population genetics with evolutionary processes will be highlighted. Topics will include evolutionary trees, selection, migration, drift, nonrandom mating, mutation, quantitative genetics, genome evolution, and speciation. Offered fall semester odd years. Prerequisite: B216 and B221 , or consent of instructor.
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B320 Conservation Biology 3 credit(s)
This course introduces key concepts in conservation biology with an emphasis on biodiversity. Both theory and practical applications in conservation biology will be explored. Concepts explored include definitions and locations of biodiversity, the valuation of biodiversity, threats to biodiversity, conservation at the species and population levels, and how conservation biology intersects with current issues facing human societies. This course will take a global perspective on issues current in the field of conservation biology. Additionally, the development of scientific literacy skills will be heavily emphasized. Offered spring semester. Prerequisites: B105 and B221 , or B216 and B221 , or consent of instructor.
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B321 Global Change Biology 3 credit(s)
This course will cover topics in global change biology with a focus on climate change. In this course, we will cover the causes of climate change and the impacts of change on numerous species. This course will cover a variety of effects including range shifts, behavioral changes, community modifications and extinctions. We will explore these topics using both ‘classical’ and modern examples. In addition, we will examine modern literature on a variety of topics concerning the scientific study of global change biology. The course will meet for three lecture periods each week. Offered spring semester odd years. Prerequisite: B216 and B221 , or consent of instructor.
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B322 Developmental Biology 3 credit(s)
A study of mostly animal development from genetic and molecular perspectives. A brief account of embryology is followed by gametogenesis, fertilization, embryogenesis, and organogenesis. All topics are covered with emphasis upon differentiation. Class meets weekly for three hours of lecture/discussion. Offered spring semester odd years. Prerequisites: B212 and B214 and B223 , or consent of instructor. B310 is highly recommended.
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B323 Plant Communities and Taxonomy with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
A course that combines collection and identification of local terrestrial and aquatic plants with a survey and analysis of plant communities and ecology. Two lectures and one laboratory period or field trip per week. Offered fall semester even years. Prerequisites: B216 and B221 .
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B331 Aquatic Ecology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
Freshwater environments, such as lakes, streams, and wetlands, represent less than one percent of the earth’s surface and are critically threatened by human activity. This course will investigate the interrelationships between the physical, chemical, and biological properties of freshwater. Lab and field studies emphasize techniques for assessing aquatic environments. Offered fall semester odd years. Prerequisite: B216 and B221 and B301 or consent of instructor.
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B340 Limnology with Laboratory 4 credit(s)
Lecture emphasis is placed on physical and chemical principles and their interpretation. Attention is given to taxonomy, adaptations, distributions and abundance of organisms. Lab and field studies emphasize techniques and aquatic environmental assessment. Three hours of lecture/discussions and one three-hour lab/field study weekly. Offered spring semester. Prerequisite: B212 , B214 , B216 , B221 , B223 , and B301 .
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B350 Heredity and Society 3 credit(s)
This course includes in-depth coverage and discussion emphasizing how the main principles of genetics and heredity relate to contemporary social issues. The biology behind these main principles of genetics and heredity are examined. Topics may include genetic inheritance, human reproduction, chromosomal abnormalities, genetic disorders, the genetic basis of behavior, genetic engineering, genetic screening, genetic counseling, and modern genetic techniques. The course meets for three one-hour lectures weekly and is open only to junior or senior non-biology majors, or with consent of the instructor. Offered fall semester. Must be concurrently enrolled in B223 Biology Laboratory Experience unless lab requirement for Integrated General Education Program has previously been fulfilled.
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B361 Animal Behavior 3 credit(s)
This course will cover a variety of topics in animal behavior from an evolutionary viewpoint. In this course we will cover both the proximate causes of behavior (genetics, development, neurology) as well as the ultimate causes of behavior (evolutionary and ecological constraints and pressures on behavior). This course will cover a variety of behaviors including foraging, reproduction, and communication and social behavior. We will explore these topics using both classical and modern examples. In addition, we will examine modern literature on a variety of topics concerning the scientific study of animal behavior. This course will meet for three lecture periods each week. Prerequisite: B105 or B216 (Biology major), and B221 , or consent of instructor.
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B365 Biodiversity of Belize 3 credit(s)
Biodiversity of Belize is a field-based study abroad course that offers the opportunity to experience some of the most biologically rich ecosystems in the Western Hemisphere - the tropical rain forest and Barrier Reef of Belize. During this course, students will experience and observe the diversity of flora and fauna found within the Neotropics while spending time in a remote Maya Village, the world-renowned Bladen Nature Reserve, and South Water Caye. In addition to the rich biodiversity of the region, students will be immersed in the diverse, rich cultural heritage of the country while learning about contemporary issues related to conservation and environmental protection. Students should be able to swim and hike on moderately difficult terrain. Assessments will include pre-trip course readings, a presentation, a daily field notebook, and a photo journal. There are no required pre-requisite courses, although B221 Biology Field Experience and B216 General Biology III: Ecology, Evolution and Biological Diversity are recommended.
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B370 International Experience in Field Biology 3 credit(s)
This course involves the study of the ecology of another country. A series of lectures on natural history, ecological communities and environmental issues is followed by a guided study tour to allow students to observe firsthand the landscapes, culture and wildlife of the region. A travel fee for the study tour is required This course is offered in the summer only. Prerequisite: B216 and B221 and B301 , or consent of instructor.
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B371 Ornithology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
This course examines birds from aspects of ecology, behavior, taxonomy, physiology, and identification. Two one-hour lecture/discussion sessions and one three-hour lab/field trip each week. Offered fall semester odd years. Prerequisite: B212 , B214 , B216, B221 , B223 , and B301 .
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B375 Natural History Field Trip 1-2 credit(s)
This course combines lectures and a study tour to examine geological features and ecological communities in a selected region within the continental U.S.A. that is accessible during a 7–10 day trip (e.g., the Ozark Mountains or the Everglades). The class may stay at campgrounds or other rustic accommodations during the trip. A travel fee for the study tour is required. Prerequisite: B216 , B221 , and B301 , or consent of instructor.
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B380 Earth Science with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
This lecture and lab course introduces students to the Earth’s dynamic systems. An overview of physical geology is first presented. The class then examines specific processes of erosion, transport and deposition and the resultant land forms that are produced. Other geomorphological processes are also discussed. Throughout, emphasis is placed on the inter-relatedness of these processes, and how they may impact and be altered by humans. Two lectures and one three-hour lab per week. Offered in alternate fall semesters when demand warrants.
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B384 Pollution Ecology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
This course involves an examination of major pollutants and their sources; ecological, health, and economic effects; and control technology. Class sessions emphasize industry, transportation, agriculture and energy production. Laboratories emphasize monitoring equipment and techniques. Two one-hour lecture/discussion sessions and one three-hour laboratory or field trip per week. Offered spring semester even years. Prerequisite: B212 , B214 , B216 , B221 , B223 , and B301 .
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B385 Freshwater Ecology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
Advanced studies of the freshwater aquatic ecosystems, both lotic and lentic, are undertaken. Emphasis is placed on ecological adaptations, life histories, and interactions between organisms and their physical environment. Secondary emphasis is placed on aquatic ecosystem production and measurement. Two lectures and one three-hour laboratory each week. Offered in alternate fall semesters. Prerequisite: B340 .
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B392 Biostatistics 3 credit(s)
This course introduces basic and fundamental statistics with emphasis on the more sophisticated tests and analyses common to biologists and other researchers. Substantial attention is given to analysis of variance procedures and experimental design. The course meets for two seventy-five or three fifty minute lecture / computer laboratory sessions each week. Credit is only granted for one of the following courses: B392, PY235, ST132 or ST232. Offered fall and spring semesters. This course was formerly listed as Biometrics.
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B409 Biochemistry with Laboratory 4 credit(s)
The principal concepts of biochemistry are the focus of this course. The major themes include the relationship between the three-dimensional structure of proteins and their biological function and the chemistry and metabolism of biologically important macromolecules including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids. Also offered as C409 . The course meets for three one-hour lectures and one three-hour lab session each week. Offered spring semester. Prerequisites: B212 , B214 , B223 , and C322 (C322 may be concurrent with consent of instructor).
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B412 Molecular Biology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
An analysis of the regulation of cellular metabolism at the molecular level is the core of this study. The major themes include the biochemistry of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis and the regulation of gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The laboratory component incorporates genetic engineering techniques. The class meets for two lectures and one three-hour lab weekly. Offered fall semester. Also offered as C412 . Prerequisites: B212 , B214 , B223 , C322 , recommended B310 and B311 .
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B434 Microbiology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
This course deals with the morphology, physiology and biochemistry of a variety of microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi and algae. Emphasis is placed on the control of microbial growth, the characteristics of these organisms and their relationship to disease. Class meets for two lectures and one three-hour lab weekly. Offered fall semester. Prerequisites: B212 , B214 , B223 , C142 , and C144 .
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B435 Immunology with Laboratory 3 credit(s)
Topics covered in this course include the nature of the immune system and the immunological response including the roles of lymphocytes, cytokines, antibodies and complement. Some emphasis is placed on the malfunction and diseases of the immune system. Laboratories emphasize practice of immunological theory and the performance of immunological techniques. Class meets for two lectures and one three hour lab weekly. Offered spring semester. Prerequisites: B212 , B214 , B223 , and C321 . Recommended: B310 , B311 , B412 , or consent of the instructor.
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B450 Radiation Biology 3 credit(s)
The effects of radiation, particularly ionizing radiation, on molecules, cells, tissues, and the whole organism are studied. A brief background of the nature, sources and absorption of radioactive energy is presented. Some emphasis is also placed on the understanding and use of modern instrumentation and techniques available for biological research and fluorescence analysis. The class meets for three lectures weekly. Offered fall semesters as needed. Prerequisites: B212 , B214 , and B223 . B310 is strongly recommended
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